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Awan (Punjabi: Shahmukhi:اعوان, Gurmukhi:ਅਵਾਨ) (Urdu: اعوان‎) is a tribe living predominantly in northern, central, and western parts of Pakistani Punjab, Khushab District, Soon Valley, Chakwal District, Mianwali District, Attock District, Talagang Tehsil, Choa Saidanshah, Lawa with significant numbers also present in Khyber, Azad Kashmir, and to a lesser extent in Sindh and Balochistan.

History

People of the Awan community have a strong presence in the Pakistani Army^[1] and have two Nishan-e-Haiders and a notable martial tradition.^[2]

Christophe Jaffrelot says:

The Awan deserve close attention, because of their historical importance and, above all, because they settled in the west, right up to the edge of Baluchi and Pashtun territory. [Tribal] Awan trace their origins back to Imam Ali through his son Al-Abbas ibn Ali. Historians describe them as valiant warriors and farmers who imposed their supremacy on their rivals the Janjuas and other Rajput and Jatts in part of the Salt Range and established large colonies all along the Indus to Sind, and a densely populated center not far from Lahore.^[3]

On a rural level, Awans historically were of the zamindar or landowning class,^[4] and many Awan families, to this day, live on and cultivate land which their ancestors have held for centuries. The tract of land running from Attock towards the Southern Salt Range has at various points in history been called the Awan-Kari, or the 'Abode of the Awans'. Awan tribesmen often carry titles typical to punjabi who own tracts of ancestral land^[5] which may include the honorific Malik or Khan. State Kalabagh is being ruled by Nawabs of Awan Tribe which once spread from modern day Dera Ismail Khan, Bannu, Mianwali, Khushab District to Chakwal District

Notable people

Armed forces

• MajorMalik Muhammad AkramNH, was a military officer in the Pakistan Army who was awarded with the Nishan-e-Haider posthumously after the military confrontation in railway station in Hilli, East Pakistan.^[6]
• Lance NaikMuhammad Mahfuz AwanNH, (born 25 October 1944) was a Pakistani soldier, who was awarded the Nishan-i-Haider, the highest military award of Pakistan, he was killed during the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971.^[7]
• Air MarshalNur Khan – Commander in Chief of the Pakistan Air Force, 1965–69, Governor of West Pakistan, 1969–70, and recipient of the Hilal-i-Jurat.^[8]
• GeneralMuhammad Shariff was a four-star rank army general in the Pakistan Army who was the first Chairman Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee
• Shahida Malik is the first lady officer in the Pakistan Army to have reached a two-star rank. Trained as a doctor, she was appointed the Inspector-General Hospitals as well as deputy commander of the Pakistan Army Medical Corps before retiring in 2004
• Tajammul Hussain Malik was a two-star general officer in the Pakistan army and the former General Officer Commanding of the 23rd Division of Pakistan Army.
• Ameer Faisal Alavi was a two-star general in the Pakistan Army and special operations expert who was also the first General Officer Commanding (GOC) of the elite Special Service Group.
• Sher Shah Awan was a British Indian Army soldier who received the Victoria Cross which is the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.
• Lieutenant GeneralAbdul Qayyum Former chairman of Pakistan Ordnance Factories and Pakistan Steel Mills. Recipient of the Hilal-i-Imtiaz, Pakistan's second-highest civilian award, and the highest medal award that can be given to those who have attained the rank of Lieutenant General.
• Sattar AlviSI(M)SJ, is a retired one-star rank air officer and a fighter pilot in the Pakistan Air Force, who is renowned for his gallant actions during the third Indo-Pakistani War of 1971, and served as a military advisor in the Syrian Air Force during the Yom Kippur War.
• Lieutenant GeneralAkhtar Hussain Malik (d 22 August 1969) was a distinguished General, a war hero of Pakistan Army in the Indo-Pakistan war of 1965.
• Malik Munawar Khan Awan was a Major rank officer in the Pakistan Army.
• Abdul Ali Malik was a Three-star rank army general in the Pakistan Army and an engineering officer in the Corps of Engineers.
• GeneralMohammad Iqbal KhanNI(m)SI(m)SBt, was a retired four-star rank army general in the Pakistan Army who served as the ChairmanJoint Chiefs of Staff Committee from being appointed in 1980 until 1984.^[9]
• Major Malik Mohammad Habib Khan (PSP) is a Former Federal Interior Minister of Pakistan in 2013 and had served as Inspector General of Police (PSP) Baluchistan , AJK & Pakistan Railways.[1]

Politics

• Arif Alvi is a Pakistani politician serving as the 13th and President of Pakistan.
• Mushtaq Ahmed Ghani is a Pakistani politician who is the current Speaker of Provincial Assembly of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.
• Shehla Raza is a Pakistan People's Party politician in the Sindh province of Pakistan.
• Nawab Malik Amir Mohammad Khan – late Chief of the Awan tribe – Governor of West Pakistan from 1960–66.^[10]
• Malik Meraj Khalid was a Pakistani left-wing statesman and Marxist philosopher who served as Prime Minister of Pakistan in an acting capacity from November 1996 until February 1997.
• Nawabzada Malik Amad Khan, is the former Minister of State for Foreign Affairs and member of Majlis-e-Shoora.
• Sumaira Malik is a Pakistani politician who had been a member of the National Assembly of Pakistan.
• Firdous Ashiq Awan is a Pakistani politician from Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf. She is currently serving as a Special Assistant to the Prime Minister for Information and Broadcasting.
• Zahid Qurban Alvi was the interim caretaker Chief Minister of Sindh 27th Chief Minister of Sindh, Pakistan in 2013.
• Zaheer-ud-din Babar AwanSI, is a Pakistani politician, lawyer, author, analyst, columnist, and leftist writer. He also served as a Federal Minister for parliamentary and also minister for law and justice.
• Ghulam Farooq Awan is a Pakistani lawyer and former adviser to the disgraced Prime Minister of PakistanYousaf Raza Gillani^[11] for law, justice and parliamentary affairs. He previously also served as additional Attorney General of Pakistan.

• Imran Awan is a Pakistani-American information technology worker. From 2004 to 2017, he worked as a shared employee for Democrats in the U.S. House of Representatives.
• Malik Ata Muhammad Khan popularly known as Prince Malik Ata was a feudal lord and former politician. Also known as 'The Father of Tent pegging'.^[12]
• Muhammad Safdar Awan is a Pakistani politician and retired Pakistan Army officer who had been a member of the National Assembly of Pakistan from June 2008 to May 2018.
• Ghulam Sarwar Khan is a Pakistani politician who is the current Federal Minister for Petroleum, in office since 20 August 2018.
• Raashid Alvi is an Indian politician who served as a member of the Indian Parliament from both the Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha. He is currently a member of the Indian National Congress party.
• Malik Naeem Khan Awan is a former Federal Minister of Pakistan.

Religion

• Qutb Shah Father of all Awans in Subcontinet
• Sultan Bahu was a Sufi mystic, poet, and scholar active during the Mughal empire mostly in the present-day Punjab province of Pakistan.
• Mumtaz Qadri better known as Gazi Mumtaz Qadri was the assassin of Salmaan Taseer Governor of Punjab.
• Qazi Mian Muhammad Amjad – legal scholar of the Qur'an, Hadith, and the Hanafi school of Islamic law.^[13]
• Ameer Muhammad Akram Awan was an Islamic scholar and spiritual leader of the Naqshbandi Owaisiah order of Sufism.
• Khadim Hussain Rizvi is an Islamic scholar, a Hafiz-e-Quran and Sheikh-ul-Hadith, belonging to the Barelvi tradition as well as a political leader, being the founding chairman and chief of Tehreek-e-Labbaik Pakistan.
• Wajihuddin Alvi also known as Haider Ali Saani, was an Islamic scholar and Sufi in the Shattari tradition

Cinema and television

• Dilip Kumar – Kumar was born as 'Yousuf Khan' to an Awan family on 11 December 1922, in Mohallah Khudadad, near Qissa Khwani Bazaar, Peshawar.^[14]
• Zayn Malik (born 12 January 1993), known mononymously as Zayn, is a British-Pakistani singer and songwriter.^[15]
• Asad Malik is a Pakistani actor, director, and producer.
• Imran Ashraf Awan (born 11 September 1989 in Peshawar) is a Pakistani actor and writer.
• Abrar Alvi was an Indian film writer, director, and actor.
• Nasir Khan was an Indian and Pakistan film actor. He has acted as the hero in Pakistan's first film Teri Yaad. He was the younger brother of the actor Dilip Kumar and is the father of actor Ayub Khan.
• Ayub Khan is an Indian film and television actor, most known for the TV series, Uttaran (2008–2015). He is the son of actor Nasir Khan and Begum Para. He is the nephew of actor Dilip Kumar, his father being Dilip Kumar's younger brother
• Samina Awan (born 3 January 1985) is a British actress.
• Shahood Alvi is a TV actor, Director and a Producer working in * Pakistani television dramas since 1996.
• Suroosh Alvi is a Pakistani-Canadian journalist and filmmaker.
• Samroj Ajmi Alvi is a Bangladeshi actress and model.

Academics & Writers

• Ahmad Nadeem Qasmi, born Ahmad Shah Awan, was an Urdu language Pakistani poet, journalist, literary critic, dramatist, and short story author.^[16]
• Akil N. Awan is a British academic, current RCUK fellow and a lecturer.
• Wasif Ali Wasif was a teacher, writer, poet, and Sufi intellectual from Pakistan.
• Naheed Qasimi is a Pakistani writer and literary critic. She serves as Head of the Department of Urdu, Samnabad College, Lahore. She is author of several books of literary criticism, and has edited collections of poetry by her father Ahmad Nadeem Qasimi.
• Rafiq Anjum is a Punjabi, Urdu and Gojri poet, Islamic scholar and researcher from Jammu and Kashmir.
• Muhammad Huzair Awan also known as Cyber Kid, is a Pakistani Information Technology (IT) prodigy and public speaker.
• Nadira Naipaul is a former journalist and married to noted British-Trinidadian novelist and Nobel laureate V. S. Naipaul
• Moniza Alvi is a Pakistani-British poet and writer. She has won several well-known prizes for her verse.
• Khalid Alvi is a professor at the University of Delhi, critic, and Urdu poet.
• Hamza Alvi was a Marxist academic sociologist and activist.
• Farrukh S. Alvi is a Professor of Mechanical Engineering at Florida State University.

Sports

• Shoaib Malik is a Pakistani cricketer former captain who plays for the Pakistan national cricket team.
• Salim Malik was a former Pakistani cricketer & former captain who played for the Pakistan national cricket team.
• Mohammad Akram is a British Pakistani cricket commentator, coach, and former cricketer. He is the current coach of Peshawar Zalmi.
• Aamer Malik is a former Pakistani cricketer
• Mir Sultan Khan was a Chess master also believed by some to be the greatest natural chess player of modern times.^[17]
• Abdul Khaliq was a Pakistani sprinter also known as 'The Fastest Man of Asia'^[18] & 'Pakistan's Flying Bird'^[19].
• Abdul Malik is a Pakistani sprinter who has won numerous medals for Pakistan.^[20]
• Dildar Awan was a Pakistani cricketer who played first-class cricket from 1958-59 to 1972-73.
• Hasan Jamil was a Pakistani cricketer.
• Junaid Alvi was a Pakistani cricketer.
• Khalid Alvi was a Pakistani cricketer.
• Imran Awan is a Pakistani born American cricketer.^[21]

See also

References

1. ^Jones, P.E., 2003, The Pakistan People's Party: Rise To Power, Oxford University Press, p.61.
2. ^, Ali, I., 2003, Punjab under Imperialism, 1885–1947, Oxford University Press, p.114.
3. ^Jaffrelot, Christophe (2004). A History of Pakistan and Its Origins (Reprinted ed.). Anthem Press. p. 205. ISBN978-1-84331-149-2.
4. ^Ahmed, S., 1977, Class and Power in a Punjabi Village, Monthly Review Press, p.p. 131-132.
5. ^Ahsan, A., 1996, The Indus Saga and the Making of Pakistan, Oxford University Press, p.88.
6. ^https://www.shaheedfoundation.org/nishanehaider.asp
7. ^https://www.shaheedfoundation.org/nishanehaider.asp
8. ^Khan, R., 1999, The American Papers: Secret and Confidential India-Pakistan-Bangladesh Documents, 1965–1973, Oxford University Press, p.265.
9. ^Top Story, et.all. (8 October 2013). 'CJCSC office in Pakistan and the world over'. The News International. Islamabad. Retrieved 6 April 2018.
10. ^Feldman, H., 1972, From Crisis to Crisis: Pakistan 1962–1969, Oxford University MPress, p.57.
11. ^https://www.theguardian.com/world/2012/jun/19/pakistan-yousuf-raza-gilani
12. ^https://www.brecorder.com/2020/02/06/568397/tent-pegging-champion-prince-malik-ata-passes-away/
13. ^Sarwar, S., 2002, Wadi Soon Sakesar: The Soon Valley, Al-Faisal Nashran, p.35, p.149, p.152, p.163, p.177.
14. ^https://tribune.com.pk/story/805375/the-king-of-tragedy-dilip-kumars-92nd-birthday-celebrated-in-the-city/
15. ^https://www.bbc.com/news/entertainment-arts-25430560
16. ^http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/5166788.stm
17. ^David Hooper and Kenneth Whyld, The Oxford Companion to Chess (2nd ed. 1992), Oxford University Press, p. 402. ISBN0-19-866164-9.
18. ^https://www.dawn.com/news/1077188
19. ^https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/indian-film-evokes-memories-of-pakistans-flying-bird/article5532476.ece
20. ^https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ma/abdul-malik-1.html
21. ^https://www.espncricinfo.com/usa/content/player/25878.html